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useStorage ​

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Last Changed
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Create a reactive ref that can be used to access & modify LocalStorage or SessionStorage.

Uses localStorage by default, other storage sources be specified via third argument.

Demo ​

source

name: 'Banana'
color: 'Yellow'
size: 'Medium'
count: 0

Usage ​

TIP

When using with Nuxt 3, this function will NOT be auto imported in favor of Nitro's built-in useStorage(). Use explicit import if you want to use the function from VueUse.

js
import { useStorage } from '@vueuse/core'

// bind object
const state = useStorage('my-store', { hello: 'hi', greeting: 'Hello' })

// bind boolean
const flag = useStorage('my-flag', true) // returns Ref<boolean>

// bind number
const count = useStorage('my-count', 0) // returns Ref<number>

// bind string with SessionStorage
const id = useStorage('my-id', 'some-string-id', sessionStorage) // returns Ref<string>

// delete data from storage
state.value = null

Merge Defaults ​

By default, useStorage will use the value from storage if it is present and ignores the default value. Be aware that when you are adding more properties to the default value, the key might be undefined if client's storage does not have that key.

ts
localStorage.setItem('my-store', '{"hello": "hello"}')

const state = useStorage('my-store', { hello: 'hi', greeting: 'hello' }, localStorage)

console.log(state.value.greeting) // undefined, since the value is not presented in storage

To solve that, you can enable mergeDefaults option.

ts
localStorage.setItem('my-store', '{"hello": "nihao"}')

const state = useStorage(
  'my-store',
  { hello: 'hi', greeting: 'hello' },
  localStorage,
  { mergeDefaults: true } // <--
)

console.log(state.value.hello) // 'nihao', from storage
console.log(state.value.greeting) // 'hello', from merged default value
js
localStorage.setItem('my-store', '{"hello": "nihao"}')
const state = useStorage(
  'my-store',
  { hello: 'hi', greeting: 'hello' },
  localStorage,
  { mergeDefaults: true },
)
console.log(state.value.hello) // 'nihao', from storage
console.log(state.value.greeting) // 'hello', from merged default value

When setting it to true, it will perform a shallow merge for objects. You can pass a function to perform custom merge (e.g. deep merge), for example:

ts
const state = useStorage(
  'my-store',
  { hello: 'hi', greeting: 'hello' },
  localStorage,
  { mergeDefaults: (storageValue, defaults) => deepMerge(defaults, storageValue) } // <--
)
js
const state = useStorage(
  'my-store',
  { hello: 'hi', greeting: 'hello' },
  localStorage,
  {
    mergeDefaults: (storageValue, defaults) =>
      deepMerge(defaults, storageValue),
  },
)

Custom Serialization ​

By default, useStorage will smartly use the corresponding serializer based on the data type of provided default value. For example, JSON.stringify / JSON.parse will be used for objects, Number.toString / parseFloat for numbers, etc.

You can also provide your own serialization function to useStorage

ts
import { useStorage } from '@vueuse/core'

useStorage(
  'key',
  {},
  undefined,
  {
    serializer: {
      read: (v: any) => v ? JSON.parse(v) : null,
      write: (v: any) => JSON.stringify(v),
    },
  },
)
js
import { useStorage } from '@vueuse/core'
useStorage('key', {}, undefined, {
  serializer: {
    read: (v) => (v ? JSON.parse(v) : null),
    write: (v) => JSON.stringify(v),
  },
})

Please note when you provide null as the default value, useStorage can't assume the data type from it. In this case, you can provide a custom serializer or reuse the built-in ones explicitly.

ts
import { StorageSerializers, useStorage } from '@vueuse/core'

const objectLike = useStorage('key', null, undefined, { serializer: StorageSerializers.object })
objectLike.value = { foo: 'bar' }

Type Declarations ​

Show Type Declarations
typescript
export interface Serializer<T> {
  read: (raw: string) => T
  write: (value: T) => string
}
export interface SerializerAsync<T> {
  read: (raw: string) => Awaitable<T>
  write: (value: T) => Awaitable<string>
}
export declare const StorageSerializers: Record<
  "boolean" | "object" | "number" | "any" | "string" | "map" | "set" | "date",
  Serializer<any>
>
export declare const customStorageEventName = "vueuse-storage"
export interface StorageEventLike {
  storageArea: StorageLike | null
  key: StorageEvent["key"]
  oldValue: StorageEvent["oldValue"]
  newValue: StorageEvent["newValue"]
}
export interface UseStorageOptions<T>
  extends ConfigurableEventFilter,
    ConfigurableWindow,
    ConfigurableFlush {
  /**
   * Watch for deep changes
   *
   * @default true
   */
  deep?: boolean
  /**
   * Listen to storage changes, useful for multiple tabs application
   *
   * @default true
   */
  listenToStorageChanges?: boolean
  /**
   * Write the default value to the storage when it does not exist
   *
   * @default true
   */
  writeDefaults?: boolean
  /**
   * Merge the default value with the value read from the storage.
   *
   * When setting it to true, it will perform a **shallow merge** for objects.
   * You can pass a function to perform custom merge (e.g. deep merge), for example:
   *
   * @default false
   */
  mergeDefaults?: boolean | ((storageValue: T, defaults: T) => T)
  /**
   * Custom data serialization
   */
  serializer?: Serializer<T>
  /**
   * On error callback
   *
   * Default log error to `console.error`
   */
  onError?: (error: unknown) => void
  /**
   * Use shallow ref as reference
   *
   * @default false
   */
  shallow?: boolean
  /**
   * Wait for the component to be mounted before reading the storage.
   *
   * @default false
   */
  initOnMounted?: boolean
}
export declare function useStorage(
  key: string,
  defaults: MaybeRefOrGetter<string>,
  storage?: StorageLike,
  options?: UseStorageOptions<string>,
): RemovableRef<string>
export declare function useStorage(
  key: string,
  defaults: MaybeRefOrGetter<boolean>,
  storage?: StorageLike,
  options?: UseStorageOptions<boolean>,
): RemovableRef<boolean>
export declare function useStorage(
  key: string,
  defaults: MaybeRefOrGetter<number>,
  storage?: StorageLike,
  options?: UseStorageOptions<number>,
): RemovableRef<number>
export declare function useStorage<T>(
  key: string,
  defaults: MaybeRefOrGetter<T>,
  storage?: StorageLike,
  options?: UseStorageOptions<T>,
): RemovableRef<T>
export declare function useStorage<T = unknown>(
  key: string,
  defaults: MaybeRefOrGetter<null>,
  storage?: StorageLike,
  options?: UseStorageOptions<T>,
): RemovableRef<T>

Source ​

Source • Demo • Docs

Contributors ​

Anthony Fu
Fernando Fernández
sun0day
Jelf
Jeffrey Li
Anthony Fu
Callum Macrae
Isaac Qadri
Matt Sanders
Doctorwu
Eduardo San Martin Morote
丶远方
Daniel Maixner
chenglu
David Ma
Daniel Mittereder
Clément Ollivier
James Garbutt
Yury Rudey
Puru Vijay
webfansplz
spking11
Maurici Abad Gutierrez
Guillaume Chau
Denis Blazhkun
Andreas Weber
Le Minh Tri
Jamie Warburton
Shinigami
Sasan Farrokh
Pig Fang
wheat
Alex Kozack
Nurettin Kaya
Pine
Antério Vieira
Ivan Demchuk

Changelog ​

v12.0.0-beta.1 on 11/21/2024
0a9ed - feat!: drop Vue 2 support, optimize bundles and clean up (#4349)
v11.0.1 on 8/19/2024
a9b49 - fix: sync within the same document (#4152)
v11.0.0-beta.2 on 7/17/2024
5a302 - feat: conditionally use event based on the used storage backend (#3822)
v10.8.0 on 2/20/2024
f7ea1 - fix: ensure setting value to null syncs to other instances (#3737)
a086e - fix: stricter types
v10.7.0 on 12/5/2023
04220 - fix: fix undefined defaults (#3597)
v10.6.0 on 11/9/2023
dc6f2 - feat: add waitOnMounted option for SSR (#3504)
b6d2b - fix: fix defaults not unwrapped (#3534)
v10.4.0 on 8/25/2023
6fabe - fix: read object only when it's serialized differently (#2782) (#3091)
v10.0.0-beta.5 on 4/13/2023
cb644 - refactor!: remove isFunction and isString utils
v10.0.0-beta.4 on 4/13/2023
4d757 - feat(types)!: rename MaybeComputedRef to MaybeRefOrGetter
0a72b - feat(toValue): rename resolveUnref to toValue
v9.13.0 on 2/18/2023
c6185 - fix: emit a custom event to support custom storage areas (#2630)
v9.8.2 on 12/20/2022
800f7 - fix: sync within page, close #1595
v9.8.1 on 12/20/2022
c3851 - fix: resume the watch after setting the value, fix loop updates
v9.3.1 on 10/17/2022
a06b7 - fix: fixed data desynchronization in case of clearing storage (#2221)

Released under the MIT License.

Copyright © 2020-PRESENT Anthony Fu and VueUse contributors